HIV Transmission
HIV transmission refers to how one can become infected with the HI virus.
The virus can enter the body through the lining of the vagina, vulva, penis, rectum, or mouth, usually during sex. There are a few ways by which the virus can be transmitted:
HIV is commonly spread through unprotected sex with an infected partner.
It is also spread by sharing needles or syringes with someone who is infected.
It can also be transmitted through blood transfusion.
Babies also get infected from HIV-infected mothers before or during birth or through breast- feeding.
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)
Mother-to-child transmission of HIV is one of the major causes of HIV infection in children. Children get infected from their mothers during pregnancy, through blood contamination, during child birth, or through breastfeeding. It is estimated that more than 600 000 babies are infected in this way every year.
Mother-to-child transmission is preventable. A single dose of Neverapine to the mother during labour and a dose to the child within 48 hours of birth can prevent the risk of mother-to-child transmission by 50%. HIV+ women who are pregnant should go to government clinics for advice and assistance from the health workers.
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